Abstract Acknowledgments Table of Contents List of Tables List of Figures List Appendices Chapter 1: Introduction Importance of the Study Research Question Limitations Chapter 2: Review of Literature Learning Potential of Children using Digital Technology Digital Technology Integration Based on Constructivism Digital Technology in Outdoor Environmental Education Programs Mobile Devices in Outdoor Environmental Education Programs Chapter 3: Methods Study Approval Research Design and Methodology Program Description Data Collection Student Demographics Program Data Analysis Emergent Coding Framework Trustworthiness Chapter 4: Results Attitudes and Behaviors Reactions to Mobile Devices Newness Factor Nature Prevails Digital Natives versus Digital Immigrants Introduction of Mobile Devices Mobile Devices in the Hands of Children Comprehension Using mobile devices as instruments for learning Chapter 5: Discussion Interpretation of Results Conclusions Recommendations for Practice Recommendations for Future Research Literature Cited