Abstract: The main purpose of this study was to ascertain the current level of ecological knowledge and attitudes of citizens of the Dominican Republic regarding national parks and natural resources. A cluster random sample of five regions was drawn, and a 49-item instrument was administered by face-to-face interviews to approximately 2,900 respondents located in 68 communities. We found a significant difference between sex of the respondents and knowledge about existence of national parks in the Dominican Republic. More than 84% of those interviewed had not visited a national park nor participated in environmental education-interpretive activities. The overall level of ecological knowledge was determined to be very low. The attitudes toward national parks and natural resources seemed to be negative.