Preface
Irina Bokova, Director-General of UNESCO
Preface – A lighter carbon footprint, a greener world
Olive Shisana, President, ISSC
Acknowledgements
Acronyms and abbreviations
Changing global environments
1. Social sciences in a changing global environment: General introduction
by Heide Hackmann and Susanne Moser
2. Global environmental change changes everything: Key messages
and recommendations by Susanne Moser, Heide Hackmann and Françoise Caillods
Part 1 – The complexity and urgency of global environmental change and social transformation 3. Social and environmental change in a complex, uncertain world: Introduction to Part 1 by Heide Hackmann and Susanne Moser
4. What′s the problem? Putting global environmental change into perspective
by Karen O′Brien
5. The challenge of sustainable development and the social sciences
by Jeffrey D. Sachs
6. Between social and planetary boundaries: Navigating pathways
in the safe and just space for humanity by Melissa Leach, Kate Raworth and Johan Rockström
7. Inclusive wealth and the transition to sustainability by Anantha Kumar
Duraiappah, Pablo Muñoz and Elorm Darkey
8. Gender and environmental change by Bina Agarwal
9. Social science understandings of transformation by Katrina Brown,
Saffron O′Neill and Christo Fabricius
10. Changing the conditions of change by learning to use the future
differently by Riel Miller
11. A new vision of open knowledge systems for sustainability:
Opportunities for social scientists by J. David Tàbara
12. Viewpoint: Open knowledge and learning for sustainability by Tim O′Riordan
Part 2 – Social science capacity in global environmental change research13. Regional divides in global environmental change research capacity: Introduction to Part 2 by Françoise Caillods
14. The social sciences and global environmental change in the United States
by Thomas J. Wilbanks, Thomas Dietz, Richard H. Moss and Paul C. Stern
15. Social sciences at the crossroads: Global environmental change in Latin America and the Caribbean by Julio C. Postigo, Gustavo Blanco
Wells and Pablo Chacón Cancino
16. Brazilian studies on environmental activism by Angela Alonso and Débora Maciel
17. Social sciences and global environmental change research,in Latin America by Andrea Lampis (CLACSO)
18. Quo vadis? The state of social sciences and climate and global
environmental change in Europe by Carolina E. Adler and Katharina Rietig
19. The state of social sciences and global environmental change in Russia
by Oleg Yanitsky with boxes by Boris Porfiriev and Arkady Tishkov
20. Global environmental change and the social sciences in the Arab world
by Ismail Serageldin
21. Social science perspectives on global environmental change in sub-Saharan Africa by Coleen Vogel
22. African perspectives needed on global environmental change research
by James Murombedzi (for CODESRIA)
23. Global environmental change and the social sciences in eastern and southern Africa by Paulos Chanie (for OSSREA)
24. Social science research and global environmental change in India and South Asia by Aromar Revi and Neha Sami
25. Social science research on climate change in China by Ying Chen and Laihui Xie
26. Social sciences in Japan after Fukushima by Aysun Uyar
27. Social science research on global environmental change in the Asia-Pacific region by John Beaton (for AASSREC)
Part 3 – The consequences of global environmental change for society
28. The consequences of global environmental change: Introduction to Part 3
by Diana Feliciano and Frans Berkhout
29. Are Algerian agro-pastoralists adapting to climate change?
by Slimane Bédrani and Mohamed El Amine Benhassine
30. Relocation as a policy response to climate change vulnerability
in northern China by Yan Zheng, Jiahua Pan and Xiaoyu Zhang
31. Climate change, flooding and economic well-being in Nigerian cities
by Isaac B. Oluwatayo
32. Resilience and adaptation in Dhaka, Bangladesh by Saleh Ahmed
33. Population and land-change dynamics in the Brazilian Amazon
by Julia Cortes and Álvaro D′Antona
34. The risks of global warming to coral reef ecosystems by Sabah Abdullah
35. Vulnerable and resilient children after disasters and gene–environment
interplay by Rainer K. Silbereisen, Marinus van Ijzendoorn and Kan Zhang
36. Migration as an adaptation strategy to environmental change by W. Neil Adger and Helen Adams
37. The paradoxes of climate change and migration by Andrew Baldwin and François Gemenne
38. The role of the social sciences in adapting to climate change in northern Europe by Carina Keskitalo
39. Women and climate change adaptation in Zimbabwe
by Donald Chimanikire
40. Ex-rubber tappers′ and small farmers′ views of weather changes in the Amazon by Erika Mesquita
Part 4 – Conditions and visions for change and sense-making in a rapidly changing world41. Possibilities and prospects of social change in response
to the environmental crisis: Introduction to Part 4 by Susanne Moser
42. Promises and pitfalls of the green economy by Ivan Turok
and Jacqueline Borel-Saladin
43. Viewpoint: Making sense of techno-optimism? The social science
of nanotechnology and sustainability by Mammo Muchie
and Hailemichael T. Demissie
44. Bringing new meanings to molecules by integrating green chemistry
and the social sciences by Steve Maguire, Alastair Iles, Kira Matus,
Martin Mulvihill, Megan R. Schwarzman and Michael P. Wilson
45. Individual and collective behaviour change by Elke U. Weber
46. Going green? Using evolutionary psychology to foster sustainable lifestyles
by Mark van Vugt and Vladas Griskevicius
47. Environmental issues and household sustainability in Australia
by Lesley Head, Carol Farbotko, Chris Gibson, Nick Gill and Gordon Waitt
48. Models of human behaviour in social-ecological systems by Giuseppe Feola
49. Social aspects of solid waste in the global South by Jutta Gutberlet
50. Incentives for low-carbon communities in Shanghai, China by Lei Song
51. Climate change education and Education for Sustainable Development
by UNESCO
52. Education, science and climate change in French schools
by Guillaume Arnould
53. Are increasing greenhouse gas emissions inevitable? by John Urry
54. The human dimensions of global environmental change by Tom W. Smith
55. Environmental attitudes and demographics by Nick Johnstone,
Ysé Serret-Itzicsohn and Zachary Brown
56. Sustainable consumption and lifestyles? Children and youth in cities
by Khairoon Abbas, Ian Christie, Fanny Demassieux, Bronwyn Hayward, Tim Jackson and Fabienne Pierre
57. Bringing poor people′s voices into policy discussions by Deborah S. Rogers
58. Climate is culture by David Buckland
Part 5 – The responsibilities and ethical challenges in tackling global environmental change59. Towards greater fairness in sharing the risks and burdens of global
environmental change: Introduction to Part 5 by Diana Feliciano and Susanne Moser
60. Winning environmental justice for the Lower Mekong Basin
by Cassandra Pillay
61. Climate change mitigation, a problem of injustice by Steve Vanderheiden
62. Ethics and energy consumption by Darryl Macer
63. The ethics of geoengineering by Diana Feliciano
64. Ethics as a core driver of sustainability in the Caribbean
by Pedro Monreal Gonzalez
65. The role of religion, education and policy in Iran in valuing the environment by Hossein Godazgar
66. Sacred sustainability? Benedictine monasteries in Austria and Germany
by Valentina Aversano-Dearborn, Bernhard Freyer and Sina Leipold
67. Public engagement in discussing carbon capture and storage
by Leslie Mabon and Simon Shackley
68. Biodiversity loss and corporate commitment to the UN Global Compact
by Chris Monks
69. Towards responsible social sciences by Asuncion Lera St. Clair
Part 6 – New approaches to governance and decision-making70. Dealing with ″wicked″ environmental problems: Introduction to Part 6
by Diana Feliciano and Frans Berkhout
71. Is the IPCC a learning organisation? by Silke Beck
72. Viewpoint: Failing to translate science into policy? From Stockholm 1972
to Rio+20 by Roberto P. Guimarães
73. The role of LA RED in disaster risk management in Latin America
by Allan Lavell, Alonso Brenes and Pascal Girot
74. A functional risk society? Progressing from management to governance
while learning from disasters by Urbano Fra.Paleo
75. Viewpoint: Transition to sustainable societies – was Rio+20 a missed
opportunity? by Diana Sanchez Betancourt and Dominik Reusser
76. Social learning and climate change adaptation in Thailand
by Witchuda Srang-iam
77. Indigenous groups and climate change in Colombia by Miguel Borja
78. Fighting to include local voices in environmental policy-making in Brazil
by Raoni Rajão
79. The need for indigenous knowledge in adaptation to climate change
in Nigeria by Godwin Odok
80. Quebec′s Plan Nord and integrating indigenous knowledge into social
science research by Steve Jordan
81. Participatory water governance in Mercosur countries by Alfredo Alejandro
Gugliano and Davide Carbonai
82. Glass half full or half empty? Transboundary water co-operation in the Jordan River Basin by Anders Jägerskog
83. Global governance and sustainable development by Alberto Martinelli
84. The politics of climate change and grassroots demands
by Antônio A. R. Ioris
85. Green informal services in India? Rickshaws, rag picking and street
vending by Ashima Sood
86. Debating transformation in multiple crises by Ulrich Brand, Achim
Brunnengräber (lead authors)
87. Payments for ecosystem services in biodiversity conservation
by Katia Karousakis and Edward Perry
88. Monitoring the effectiveness of adaptation investments by Nicolina Lamhauge
and Michael Mullan
Part 7 – Contributions from International Social Science Council members, programmes and partners89. Contributions from International Social Science Council members, programmes and partners: Introduction to Part 7 by the International
Social Science Council
90. Anthropology and environmental change from a holistic and cultural perspective by Thomas Reuter (for WCAA and IUAES)
91. Psychological approaches and contributions to global environmental
change by Kurt Pawlik and Linda Steg (for IUPsyS)
92. The economics of climate and environmental change
by Andrew Steer (for IEA)
93. The humanities and changing global environments by Rosi Braidotti,
Kum Kum Bhavnani, Poul Holm and Hsiung Ping-chen
94. Sociology and global environmental change by Stewart Lockie (for ISA)
95. Geography and global environmental change by Michael Meadows (for IGU)
96. Political science, global environmental change and sustainable
development by Guy Lachapelle (for IPSA)
97. Earth System Governance
98. Global Water System Project
99. Global Environmental Change and Human Security
100. Integrated History and Future of People on Earth
101. Industrial Transformation
102. Urbanization and Global Environmental Change
103. Land–Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone
104. Global Carbon Project
105. Global Environmental Change and Food Systems
106. Global Environmental Change and Human Health
107. Global Land Project
108. Integrated Research on Disaster Risk programme
AnnexesAnnex A. Basic statistics on the production of social science research
Annex B. Bibliometric analysis of social science research into global
environmental change
B1. Bibliometric analysis of social science research into climate and global environmental change by Ludo Waltman
Glossary Tables9.1. Definitions of transformation from the social sciences
9.2. Examples of transformation within environmental change
21.1. Social science publications (full counting) on climate change and globa
environmental change by themes in the sub-Saharan region
25.1. Numbers of articles on climate change research in Chinese social science
journals by discipline, 2005 to 2011
25.2. Number of climate-change-related projects supported by the National Social
Sciences Foundation of China
25.3. Number of research projects supported by the Ministry of Education's
fund for research in the humanities and social sciences in China
29.1. Characteristics of the average holdings of a sample of pastoralists in rural Algeria, per agro-pastoralist type
30.1. Determinants and indicators to understand the vulnerability
of the Ningxia rural community to climate change
30.2. Stages of Ningxia government-sponsored relocation projects since the 1980s
47.1. Examples of traction towards sustainability and friction against sustainability in the household context
54.1. Most important problems by country, 2010
54.2. Most important environmental problems by country, 2010
54.3. Most important environmental problems by country versus self and family; percentage selecting climate change, 2010 .
54.4. ″Dangerousness″ of climate change, 2010
54.5. Trends in saying global warming or climate change is extremely dangerous, 1993 to 2010
54.6. Age or cohort difference on the ″danger″ of climate change, 2010
68.1. Biodiversity impact by economic sector
68.2. Comparison of UN Global Compact participators and non-participators
74.1. Principal lessons from major selected disasters
74.2. Some dialectic approaches in risk governance and convergence
79.1. Indigenous forest management practices in rural Nigeria
A1. Socio-economic indicators, 2012
A2. Expenditure on research and development, 2011 or latest available year
A3. Researchers by sector of employment and field of science (headcounts (HC)
and full-time equivalents (FTE)), 2011 or latest available year
A4. Student enrolments, by level, total, social science, business and law, and gender selected years, 2000 to 2011
A5. Student graduation, by level, total, social science, business and law,
and gender, selected years, 2000 to 2011
A6. Number of publications of the highest-producing countries
in science, social sciences, arts and humanities, 2007 to 2011
A7. Number of social science publications per country for 2002 to 2006
1. Web of Science fields included in the identification of social science publications
2. The 40 search terms and their scores
3. Main topics identified in the social science literature on global environmental change and number of publications concerned 4. List of tables in Annex B
B1. Number of social science publications on global environment change per year, 1990 to 2011
B2. Number of social science publications (fractional counting)
on global environment change per Web of Science field of study and time period, 1990 to 2011 ..
B3. Number of social science publications (fractional counting) on global environment change per region, country, and time period, 1990 to 2011
B4. Number of social science publications (fractional counting) on climate change and global environmental change per region and time period, 1990 to 2011
B5. Number of social science publications (fractional counting) on global environment change per Web of Science field of study and region for the entire period, 1990 to 2011
B6. Number of social science publications (fractional counting) on global environmental change per topic for different time periods, 1990 to 2001
B7. Number of social science publications (fractional counting) on global environmental change per topic and region for two time periods, 1990 to 1999 and 2000 to 2011
Figures2.1. The four main messages of the World Social Science Report 2013
and the stakeholder communities to whom they are addressed
4.1. Long-run CO2 concentrations and temperature increase:
Baseline, 1970 to 2100
4.2. Global mean species abundance per biome, 1970 to 2010
4.3. Nitrogen surpluses per hectare from agriculture: Baseline, 2000 and 2050
4.4. Global water demand: Baseline scenario, 2000 and 2050
6.1. Social and planetary boundaries
6.2. Possibilities within the safe and just space
7.1. Average annual growth rates (per capita) disaggregated by capital form
9.1. South Africa′s transformation was driven by complex fast and slow processes on national and international scales
11.1. Knowledge from a single type of source poured into a closed container
11.2. Knowledge from many sources, all organised around concrete needs and practices, operating in a social-ecologically coupled open space
13.1. Social science publications on global environmental change per year, 1990 to 2011
13.2. Number of social science publications on global environmental change per region, 1990 to 2011
13.3. Number of social science publications on global environmental change per country, 1990 to 2011
13.4. Number of social science publications on global environmental
change by cluster of themes and region, 2000 to 2011
15.1. Social science publications on global environmental change in Latin America and the Caribbean, 1990 to 2011
18.1. Proportion of European social science publications worldwide
on global environmental change, 1990 to 2011
18.2. Number of social science publications on global environmental
change, regional proportions within Europe, 1990 to 2011
24.1. Number of social science articles on climate change and global environmental change by region, 1990 to 2011
24.2. Number of social science publications on climate change and global environmental change in South and West Asia for the ten most prolific
Web of Science fields of study, 1990 to 2011
25.1. Number of articles on climate change in social science journals in China, 1992 to 2011
30.1. Variation in annual temperature and precipitation in Ningxia, 1961 to 2010
30.2. Ningxia rural community vulnerability mapping
33.1. Annual change in forest area by region
33.2. The fishbone land pattern along the Amazonian highways (A) and property with multiple land uses and cover (B)
33.3. Association between household stage and type of land use in the household lifecycle model
36.1. Relationship between vulnerability to environmental change and mobility
48.1. The integrative agent-centred framework
55.1. Levels of agreement with seven statements about environmental policy
55.2. Views on intergenerational equity across ages
55.3. Views on need for reciprocity across genders
67.1. Carbon capture and storage system (not to scale)
68.1. Corporate biodiversity assessment results ................................................................. 406
74.1. The unfolding of risk governance
78.1. Map showing deforestation patterns, main roads and protected areas in the Amazon. It illustrates the ability of scientific representations to provide visual, comprehensive and deterministic accounts of the Amazon
89.1. Number of social science publications (fractional counting)
on climate change and global environmental change by Web of Science fields of study, 1990 to 2011
105.1. Food system activities and their outcomes
B1.1. Term map based on the titles and abstracts of the 27 499 selected social science publications on global environmental change