This introductory article frames the sustainability challenges we face and explores the meaning of sustainable development and education for sustainable development through the lens of the Earth Charter, drawing on the experiences of a range of Earth Charter educators. It introduces the reports of projects using the Earth Charter in ESD, including teacher training programs, university reform and community and youth education in Brazil, the USA, Belarus, Costa Rica, Canada and Germany. It describes how Earth Charter education for sustainable ways of living can help realise and deepen the emerging understanding of ESD in the context of the UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development.