United Nations Environment Programme

UNEP

Europäische Kommission

Global Outlook on Sustainable Consumption and Production Policies.

Taking action togehter

2012

9789280732504

The Global Outlook on Sustainable Consumption and Production (SCP) Policies, developed by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) with the financial support of the European Commission, provides a non-exhaustive review of policies and initiatives that are promoting the shift towards SCP patterns. This report identifies examples of effective policies and initiatives being implemented worldwide. It reviews 56 case studies ranging from global multilateral agreements and regional strategies to specific policies and initiatives and shows progress achieved in promoting SCP, highlighting best practices and offering recommendations to scale up and replicate these important efforts worldwide.

Acronyms and Abbreviations
Foreword
Executive Summary
1 Background and Approach
1.1 Current challenges
Box 1: Navigating the Outlook
1.2 Objectives of this report
1.3 Methodology
Figure 1: Online Global Outlook on SCP Policies database
1.4 The evolution of the concept of SCP: From end-of-pipe to life-cycle solutions
Figure 2: Evolution of the Cleaner Production Approach
1.5 SCP: A holistic approach
Figure 3: The life cycle of products and influencing factors. Policies, innovation, market forces and
our values and lifestyles are factors that can all influence various stages of the life cycle
1.6 Translating SCP into action

2 SCP at the Global Level
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Intergovernmental efforts on SCP
CASE STUDY 1: The Montreal Protocol
CASE STUDY 2: The Basel Convention
Table 1: Conventions and multilateral agreements
CASE STUDY 3: The Marrakech Process on SCP and its Task Forces
Table 2: United Nations multi-stakeholder initiatives and partnerships
2.3 SCP initiatives for and by business
CASE STUDY 4: Sustainability reporting for informing, benchmarking and improving products
and processes
CASE STUDY 5: Sustainable business decisions based on data: Measuring carbon for
continuous improvement
CASE STUDY 6: Environmental and social standards driving SCP
Table 3: Business organizations, initiatives and sectoral associations promoting SCP
2.4 Civil society initiatives for SCP
CASE STUDY 7: Fairtrade labelling
CASE STUDY 8: Sustainable forestry 59
Table 4: Civil Society advocacy, research, partnerships, standard setting and other
activities to promote SCP
2.5 Conclusions

3 SCP at the Regional Level
3.1 Introduction
3.2 SCP frameworks and policies
Table 1: Examples of national government policy instruments

4 Global Outlook on SCP Policies: Africa
4.1 Introduction
4.2 SCP policies at the regional level
Table 1: African 10YFP on SCP: List of themes and priorities
CASE STUDY 1: Eco Mark Africa
4.3 National SCP policies
CASE STUDY 2: Mauritius National Programme on Sustainable Consumption and Production
CASE STUDY 3: Tanzania National Action Plan on Sustainable Consumption and Production
CASE STUDY 4: South Africa National Framework for Sustainable Development
CASE STUDY 5: Ghana National Programme on SCP
CASE STUDY 6: Zambia: Vision 2030
Table 2: Cement industry upgrades
4.4 SCP initiatives for and by business
CASE STUDY 7: Commercial production of medicinal plants by a community forest conservation group
CASE STUDY 8: Implementing the DSM Programme in South Africa
Figure 1: Status of ISO 14001 Certification in 38 African Countries
4.5 Civil society initiatives for SCP
CASE STUDY 9: Organic farming in Kenya
4.6 Conclusions

5 Global Outlook on SCP Policies: Asia-Pacific
5.1 Introduction
Figure 1: Index of change in GDP, by income groupings of Asia-Pacific countries, 1990-2008
Figure 2: Economies with more than 10 per cent of the population living on less than $1.25 a day
5.2 SCP policies at the regional level
CASE STUDY 1: Asia-Pacific Roundtable for Sustainable Consumption and Production
Box 1: Weaving SCP into broader policy platforms
CASE STUDY 2: The SWITCH Asia programme
5.3 National SCP policies
CASE STUDY 3: The Green Growth Roadmap in Cambodia
CASE STUDY 4: Using local shops to bolster sustainable community lifestyles
CASE STUDY 5: Supporting compost utilization in the Republic of Indonesia
CASE STUDY 6: The Green Purchasing Network in Japan
5.4 SCP initiatives for and by business
CASE STUDY 7: Green business practices in China and Viet Nam
CASE STUDY 8: Furniture business benefits from shift to sustainable production
5.5 Civil society initiatives for SCP
CASE STUDY 9: Collective buying and distribution in India
5.6 Conclusions

6 Global Outlook on SCP Policies: Latin America and the Caribbean
6.1 Introduction
6.2 SCP policies at the regional level
CASE STUDY 1: The Central American Commission for Environment and Development (CCAD) initiative on sustainable public procurement
CASE STUDY 2: The Mercosur Policy for Promotion and Cooperation on SCP
6.3 National SCP policies
CASE STUDY 3: SCP policy in Colombia
CASE STUDY 4: Campaign: Plastic Bag is a Drag
CASE STUDY 5: Sustainable Buildings in Brazil
6.4 SCP initiatives for and by business
CASE STUDY 6: Reducing GHGs by switching to solar energy for production in Guatemala
CASE STUDY 7: Resource-efficient coffee production in Panama
CASE STUDY 8: Recycling for energy credits
CASE STUDY 9: The cost and benefits of implementing global sustainable tourism criteria
6.5 Civil society initiatives for SCP
CASE STUDY 10: Environmental awareness goes virtual
CASE STUDY 11: Recognizing nature′s rights within the Ecuadorian constitution
CASE STUDY 12: The participatory guarantee system for organic crops in Brazil
6.6 Conclusions

7 Global Outlook on SCP Policies: United Nations Economic Commission for Europe region
7.1 Introduction
7.2 SCP policies at the regional level
CASE STUDY 1: The EU Ecolabel
7.3 National SCP policies
CASE STUDY 2: The United Kingdom comprehensive framework on SCP
CASE STUDY 3: Shrinking the environmental footprint: Beginning with government
CASE STUDY 4: The French ecological ′bonus-malus′ system for the purchase of private cars
CASE STUDY 5: Producing and sourcing sustainable coffee
CASE STUDY 6: Economic and energy-efficient housing in Ukraine
CASE STUDY 7: The Canadian ecolabelling program
Box 1: Sustainable Clothing Action Plan (United Kingdom)
7.4 SCP initiatives for and by business 1
CASE STUDY 8: Sustainable supply chain initiative in the agri-food sector
Box 2: Global Environment Footprint (GEF) tool
Box 3: Resource efficiency
Box 4: Shops for reused goods
CASE STUDY 9: Sustainability measurement and reporting
7.5 Civil society initiatives for SCP
CASE STUDY 10: Transition Towns
7.6 Conclusions
Annex A

8 Global Outlook on SCP Policies: West Asia
8.1 Introduction
Figure 1: Domestic water consumption versus GDP per capita
Figure 2: Energy consumption per capita in West Asia and other reference countries and regions
Figure 3: Energy intensity of GDP in kg oil equivalent per USD 1,000
8.2 SCP policies at the regional level
Table 1: Recent milestones of SCP in the West Asia and Arab Region
Figure 4: GCC Interconnection Scheme
CASE STUDY 1: The Gulf Cooperation Council Power Grid Interconnection Project
8.3 National SCP policies
Table 2: National and regional SCP, SD strategies and plans, and national sectoral development policies
CASE STUDY 2: Rational use of energy in Kuwait
CASE STUDY 3: Qatar National Water Policy
CASE STUDY 4: Dubai Sustainable Transport Project and Award
8.4 SCP initiatives for and by business
CASE STUDY 5: Energy efficiency in the aviation industry
CASE STUDY 6: Green City: Masdar
8.5 Civil society initiatives for SCP
CASE STUDY 7: Encouraging corporate social responsibility among businesses
CASE STUDY 8: Capacity-building for water management
8.6 Conclusions

9 The Way Forward
9.1 Main findings
9.2 Recommendations
Glossary

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