This research project investigated for the first time the total environmental impacts due to Swiss consumption and production. About 60% of environmental impacts that are caused by final demand occur abroad as a result of imported goods and services. The most important area of consumption is nutrition that accounts for about 30% of total impacts, followed by housing and mobility of private households. Within this study, input-output analysis and environmental data are combined in order to get a true and fair view on total environmental impacts of consumption and production.