Sociological works dealing with change in energy consumption are rather recent and less numerous than economic studies or researches in social or environmental psychology. This paper presents the sociological and anthropological approaches that are the most relevant for getting a better understanding of the complexity of the factors shaping individual and household energy-related practices and the change thereof. Several brakes and levers are in co-evolution – this concept of co-evolution is one of the most relevant contribution from sociology to the study of energy using and saving practices –and include: technological developments, energy policies (namely information), market pressures (e.g.: energy prices, social pressure to consume, income repartition), practices and routines, norms (how comfort, convenience, cleanliness and connectedness are socially defined), social networks supporting or not energy savings, and distribution among people of motivational and attitudinal factors (namely agency feeling and environmental values).